Cat, dog, pig, bird, hand, leg, eye, foot…
簡簡單單的英文單字也能變化無窮？
同樣的單字前面後面搭一搭就有不同意思？
快來學習，有效迅速累積你的單字量！
首先從阿貓阿狗的單字開始！
1. Cat 貓咪
- cat food 貓食
- cat house 貓屋
一個字的 “cathouse” 是俚語中的「妓院」。所以要表達貓咪的房子的時候可以講 “a cat’s house”、”a house for a cat” 比較不會造成誤會。
- bobcat 山貓
- wildcat 野貓
- snow cat 雪貓
- calico cat 三色貓
Calicos cats have colorful coats in different patterns of black, white, and orange. The breed is usually always female, because the determination of a cat’s color relies on the X chromosome, and only females have two X chromosomes to bear the mixture of colors.
三色貓的毛是黑、白、橙色。它們通常是母貓，因為貓毛的顏色依賴於X染色體，而只有母貓有兩個X染色體可以承擔混合的顏色。
- stray cat 流浪貓
2. Dog 狗
- doghouse 狗屋
“In the doghouse” 是表達狀況不妙的俚語。通常是描寫因為做錯了事情而被打入冷宮、失去優勢了。
When Doug went home and saw the romantic dinner and present his wife prepared for their first anniversary, he realized that he was going to be in the doghouse for forgetting the important date.
當道格回家，看見太太準備了浪漫的晚餐，並為他準備了結婚一週年的禮物，他意識到遺忘重要日期的這個狀況可能大事不妙了。
- bulldog 牛頭狗
- watchdog 看家狗
- underdog 弱犬；處於劣勢的一方
Malcolm Gladwell’s David and Goliath: Underdogs, Misfits, and the Art of Battling Giants, is a lively book by that guides the readers to reexamine situations and estimations.
麥爾坎·葛拉威爾寫的《小勝大：弱者如何找到優勢，反敗為勝？》是一本生動活潑的書、引導讀者們重新審視情況和估計。
- top dog 主要人物；掌控權力的人
3. Bird 鳥
- birdbath 鳥浴
- birdcage 鳥籠
- birdhouse 鳥屋
- birdlike 似鳥的
- bird’s-eye view 鳥瞰；鳥瞰圖
Perspective paintings often utilize the techniques of the bird’s-eye view, and the unique vision of the worm’s-eye view.
透視畫經常會運用鳥瞰圖技術、還有仰視圖獨特的技巧。
教你用「鳥瞰技術」來畫透視畫 (How to Draw Characters in Perspective: Bird-Eye View)
4. Pig 豬
- pigsty 豬舍；髒亂的地方
A teenager’s room that is as messy as a pigsty is a nightmare for parents.
青少年凌亂的房間是家長的噩夢。
- piggyback 扛在肩或背上
- piggybank 撲滿
- piglet 小豬；尤指乳豬
- pigtail 豬尾
- pig out 狼吞虎嚥地吃
接著，其實身體不同的部位也是現成的單字大集合，手、腳、腿、眼睛就可以轉換成不同單字的基礎架構。
5. Body 身體
- bodysuit 緊身的連身衣
- body armor 身體護具
- antibody 抗體
- nobody / somebody 不重要的人 / 重要的人
- busybody 愛管閒事、好事的人
From the appearance of the word, “busybody” seems to refer to someone who is always busy, but the real meaning of “busybody” is used to describe someone who is always getting into others’ business.
從這個詞表面上來看，“busybody” 似乎意味著一個總是很忙的人，但真正意義是用來形容總是干涉別人的事的人。
- homebody 戀家的人
Holly is an introverted girl who prefers to stay home, read books, watch movies, and hang out with her cat and dog. Even though she is a classic homebody, occasionally, she still enjoys going out with friends.
荷莉是一個性格內向的女孩、喜歡待在家裡看書、看電影、並與她的貓和狗在一起。即使她是一個典型的宅女，她偶爾還是喜歡與朋友出去玩。
6. Eye 眼睛
- eye shadow 眼影
- eyeliner 眼線
- eyelid 眼皮
- eyeball 眼球，眼珠
- eye-opener 令人感到驚異的事件
After the speaker shared the latest trends of international marketing, everyone at the seminar was glad that they’ve spent a day in the eye-opening experience.
演講者分享了國際市場最新趨勢之後，參加研討會的人都很開心，因為他們用了一天時間讓自己享受這拓展眼界的經驗。
- cockeyed 鬥雞眼的；歪斜的；荒唐的；喝醉的
The children like to make funny faces at each other, but they become frightened when the babysitter warned them that their faces will stay crooked and cockeyed if they don’t stop.
孩子們喜歡互相做鬼臉，但當保姆警告他們的臉上會變得歪歪的、會有鬥雞眼，他們就嚇到了。
7. Hand 手
- handstand 用手倒立
- handkerchief 手帕
- handmade 手工製造
- handout 施捨物；傳單
- hand towel 手巾
- hand-to-mouth 過一天算一天的；勉強維持的
1.3 billion people on the planet live in extreme poverty, while more than 3 billion people live in the hand-to-mouth existence of living on less than 2.5 dollars a day.
地球上有十三億人生活在極端貧困中，而有超過三十億人過著過一天算一天、每天用不到兩塊五毛美元的日子。
- hand-me-down 別人用過的舊東西 現成的廉價衣服
- shorthand 速記法；速記
- underhanded 祕密的，不正當的
The underhanded manipulation of the mega-corporation uncovered in the latest corruption case has resulted in the immediate fall of its stock values.
巨型企業在最新的貪腐案中以卑鄙的手段導致該公司股票價值暴跌。
8. Handle 把手；操作
- handlebars 腳踏車的手把
- manhandle 人工推動；粗暴地對付
- mishandle 錯誤地處理；粗暴地對待
- panhandle 行乞
As more and more panhandlers are seen in first-world nations and major cities, the future of the global economy does not appear to be optimistic.
隨著越來越多的乞丐在第一世界國家和主要城市出現，全球經濟的前景並不樂觀。
9. Leg 腿
- legging 綁腿；保暖的毛線褲
- leggy 長腿的；腿細長的
- legwork 外勤工作
Lou has created a successful trading company by himself. As business grows, and he cannot be in more than one place at once, he finally decides to hire an assistant to do the legwork for him.
婁一手創造了一個成功的貿易公司。隨著業務的增長，他分身乏術，終於決定聘請一位助手為他跑腿。
- bowlegged 弓形腿的
- bootleg 靴統；長靴上部；私貨；私酒；盜版的商品
During the Prohibition, illegal liquor was called “bootleg” because black market merchants used to carry the bottles of liquor inside the bootlegs of their high boots.
在美國歷史上的禁酒時期時，禁酒被稱為「靴統」（私貨），因為黑市商人用長靴子的靴統來攜帶酒瓶子。
10. Foot 腳
- barefoot 赤腳
- Bigfoot 大腳族，傳說中生存於北美洲西北部太平洋沿岸森林中的野人
- clubfoot 彎腳；畸形足
In the famous novel Of Human Bondage by Somerset Maugham, the protagonist’s clubfoot is a clever application of a literary symbolism that represents his emotional disability.
在毛姆著名的小說《人性枷鎖》中，主角的畸形足是巧妙的文學象徵，它代表了他情感上的障礙。
- footnote 腳註；補充說明
- football 足球
- footprint 腳印
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文／王傳瑄
圖／Flaticon: arm, leg, cat, dog Free license
作者簡介／VoiceTube看影片學英語